Lamp.



F. E. DAVIS.

LAMP. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 19, 1914. RENEWED MAY 19. 1917.

1 31,7160 Patented July 3,1912".

2 SHEETS-SHEET l- F. E. DAVIS.

LAMP. APPLICATION FILED JAN 19. 1914. RENEWED MAY 19. 1911.

Patented July 3, 1917.

2 SHEETSSH EET 2- UNTTED @TATE% PATENT OFFTQE.

FRED E. DAVIS, OF FREEPORT, ILLINOIS, -ASSIGNOR T0 PERFECTION VAPORLIGHT 00., A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

LAMP.

anemic.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 3, left.

Application filed January 19, 1914, SerialNo. 813,026. Renewed May 19,1917. Serial No. 169,777.

To all/whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, Farm E. DAYIS, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of Freeport, county of Stephenson, and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Lamps, of which I dodeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description,reference .being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of thisspecification.

The invention relates to vapor lamps, and seeks to provide a lamp havingefficient means for vaporizing gasolene, kerosene or the like, mixing.the vapor with air and burning the mixture to heat a mantle toincandeseence. The invention consists in the features of improvementhereinafter set forth, illustrated in the preferred form in theaccompanying drawings, and more par ticularly pointed out in theappended claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the lamp wi ah theshade and tank shown in section. Fig. is a plan view of the deflectorplate. Fig. 2 is a detail view illustrating two burners which can besubstituted for the single burner. Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the gasgenerator and singleburner. Fig. at is a sectional view of the valvecasing and adjacent parts. Fig. is sectional view on the line 5 5 ofFig. -1-. Fig. (3 is a sectional view of the generating cup. Fig. 7 is asectional view of a tip-cleaning appliance. Fig. 8 is a section on theline 8-8 of Fig. 3.

The improved device comprises a base havingan outer shell 1, an innershell 2 and a convex bottom 3 havinga downturned flange 3 soldered orotherwise suitably secured to the lower edge of the shell 2 to form atight joint therewith. The shell 2 and the bottom 3 form an air andliquid tight tank in which the gasolene or kerosene is to be contained.The inner and outer shells l and 2 are preferably dome-shaped, as shownand fit one within the other, and the inner shell may. be made of anycheap material and stamped to form. The outer shell, however, should bewell made and nickel plated or otherwise finished to give it a pleasingappearai'ice. These shells when in place are approximately in contactwitheach other at the top but their lower edges slope outwardly. that ofthe outer shell somewhat more than that of the inner,

placed. A hole is formed through the top 1 of both shells and a. tube 5is rigidly secured to a flange 6 on the inner shell 2. This tube 5extends down into the tank about half way to the bottom and upwardly ashort distance. Its upper end is externally threaded, as shown in Figui,and a valve casing T is screwed onto this threaded portion. An outwardlyprojecting flangeS on the lower end of the valve casing engages theupper surface of the shell 1 and clamps it in position with the feltstrip a clenched between the lower outer edges of the shells, as abovedescribed.

A cylindrical chamber 7 is formed in the lower portion of the valvecasing 7 and extends upwardly therein a short distance above the innerend of the tube 5 (see Fig. 5). The lower end of a short, upwardlycurved pipe 9 is screwed into the side of the valve casing andcommunicates with the chamber 7 thereof. A cap 10 (see Fig. 5) isthreaded upon the upper-end of the pipe 9 and a washer 11 in the cap 10engages the end of the pipe 9 to prevent leakage. The cap has a portion12 extending down into the pipe and an upwardly projecting, internallythreaded flange 13. The portion 12 has a bore terminating in arestricted port 1a and a valve 15, loosely fitting the bore, is arrangedto close this port. A nipple 1G threaded into the flange 13 of the caphas a bore terminating ina restricted port 17 which is smaller than thevalve 15. The latter is provided with conical ends that extend withinand close the restricted ports 14 and 17.

the level of the liquid reaches the lower end of the pipe 5, so thatspace is provided in the tank for air under pressure. \Vhen it isdesired to supply compressed air to the tank, it is only necessary tounscrew the nipple 16 until its shoulder 20 engages the disk 19 andraises the valve 15 and air can then be forced through the cap and intothe tank with a small pump. During the pumping operation, the valve 15acts as a check valve to prevent back flow "from the tank. After thedesired pressure is obtained, the cap is screwed down and the valve 15is securely held in position and. prevents any leakage through the port14.

From the upper end of the cylindrical chamber 7 of the valve casing 7extends a short, vertical channel 22, into the lower portion of which isscrewed a small supply pipe or tube 23, that extends down through thepipe 5 and into the tank almost to its bottom. The arrangement of thesupply pipe 23 and the filler pipes 5 and 9 avoid the necessity offorming more than one opening in the fuel tank.

The upper end of the channel 22 communicates with a small channel 2%which extends at right angles thereto into the bore of a projecting boss25. A needle valve 26, threaded throl'lgh the bore of the boss 25,engages a valve seat 27 at the outer end of the channel 21 and controlsthe flow of liquid fuel therethrough. A small channel 32 extends fromthe seat of the valve 27 to a cylindrical chamber 33 in the upperportion of the valve casing 7. A pipe 31 having a flange 35 is screwedinto the end of the chamber 33 and a washer 36 pressed between theflange 35 and the upper end of the valve casing 7 forms a tight jointbetween the pipe 3-1 and said casing.

A small shaft or rod 37 extends out wardly through an outwardlyextending portion 38 on the casing 7 and the cap 39 having its endfilled with packing 10 is screwed on to the extended portion 38 toinsure a tight joint, while the outer end of the rod is bent to form acrank arm 41 in order that the rod may be readily turned.

.The inner end of this rod or shaft is threaded into a disk 42 which ispreferably hemispherical in shape and engages one side of thecylindrical chamber 33. A pin 43 eecentrically disposed on the flat faceof the disk 12 loosely engages a hole in the flatened lower end 44. of arod 4'5. The lower end of the rod is arranged between the disk 42 and aT-shaped piece 16 which is fixed to the bottom wall of the chamber 33,and maintains the rod in engagement with the crank pin 1-3. The rod 15is small and somewhat fiexible and its upper end is adjustably threadedinto the lower end of a larger filler rod 47. A lock nut 48 isthreadedon the rod and engages the lower end of the filler rod 47. Thelatter fits loosely within the tube 31, and its upper end is tapered andis provided with a bore in which a line tube at) is secured. A fine wire50 is inserted in the upper end of the tube 4:9 and is held therein bypinching or compressing the end portion of the metal tube 19 to securelygrip the wire, as shown in Fig. 7. The upper end of the rod 47 is alsocompressed to grip and secure the tube in place. In this manner, thefine wire tip cleaner which is formed of tempered steel and has adiameter of about five thousandths' of an inch, is cheaply and securelyfastened to the upper end of the rod 17. j v v The upper end of the tube34: extends above the filler rod and is provided with a tip 51 which isthreaded into the tube and extends a short distance above its upper end.

upper end of the tip 51 is bored out to form w a recess for the tippiece 5% and the walls of this recess are preferably undercut to form aninwardly inclined or contracted annular flange 55. The composition tippiece 54: is molded with this recess and is preterably formed by mixingtwo parts by weight of Portland cement and one part of plaster of Pariswith a saturated solution of salt, and filling the tip recess with thismixture. Before the composition sets, the fine wire 50 isextendedthrough it. 'After the composition has hardened, the wire iswithdrawn and, in this way, a fine smooth hole or discharge port ischeaply and accurately formed in the tip piece, through which thevaporized fuel is ejected into the mixing passage. In similar all metaltips, it is diflicult and expensive to drill such ports which must havea very small diameter, must be accurately formed and free from burs inorder to accurately direct the stream of vapor into the opening of themixing passage. In the present tip having a composition tip piece moldedin place about a fine wire as a core, the fine opening or port isaccurately and economically formed. The particular composition set forthvery soon sets after being placed in the tip and when the lamp is used,it quickly vitrifies and hardens.

The upper portion of the tip 51 is threaded into a central opening of adisk 56 which is formed at the lower portion of an inverted U-shapedmixing chamber or passage 57. The central portion of this curved passagehas an inlet port 58 on its under side surrounded by a flange 59. Theport 58 is-in axial alinement with the port 53, so

.62 which are secured thereto.

regulate the amount of air drawn into the mixing passage 57. In theconstruction shown, an eye 61 is formed at the top of the U-shapedportion 57 by which to hang the lamp, if desired. The ends of theU-shaped passage 57 extend through the disk 56 form ing two outlets forthe gas, which in the form shown in Figs. 1 and 3, open into a cupshaped chamber 62. In the form shown the upper end of this chamber isthreaded into a depending annular flange 68 on the disk 56. A laterallyprojecting deflector plate 61 is centrally mounted in the upper end ofthe chamber 62 and is gripped between a flange 65 thereon and the flange63. This chamber or burner head 62 surrounds the pipe 31 andits lowercontracted end is provided with a burner and is adapted to engage theupper end of a mantle. The burner comprises a perforated disk 66 hav inga central opening through which the tube 34 extends and which is held inplace by a flanged collar 67 secured upon the lower end of the burnerhead. The collar 67 performs the additional function of retaining theupper end of a mantle 68 indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 3 and infull lines in Fig. 1, which is gathered and tied above said collar. Themantle is a sleeve, open at both ends, and extends around the tube 34:.Its lower end is gathered and tied within the groove of a collar 69mounted on the tube or pipe 34:. The collar 69 is adjustably held inplace by a set screw 70,

On the pipe 34 below the collar 69 is rigidly secured a generating cup71. This cup surrounds the pipe 34 and is filled with as bestos 72. Inthe construction shown, the projecting arms 73 of a shade-holder arefixed to the cup 71. These arms carry a ring 74L that supports a shade75. Preferably, also the ends of the deflector plate 64: are curved (seeFig. 2) to engage the upper contracted rim of the shade, so that thisplate also serves as a shade support.

The mantle 68 may be readily placed in position, by unscrewing the disk56 from the tip 51, and removing it and the parts 57 and When it isdesired to use a double burner, the burner head or chamber 62 and mantle68 are removed and two tubes 76, carrying burners 77 and bag mantles 78,are screwed into the internally threaded lower ends of the U- shapedmixing passage 57, as shown in Fig. 2-.

Theoperation of the lamp is as follows: First, the cap 10 is removed andgasolene or kerosene, is poured into the tank through the filler pipes 9and 5 until its level reaches the lower end of the pipe 5, at whichpoint the liquid will back up into said pipes and no more can be pouredin. The cap 10 is then repla/cai and the nipple 16 is unscrewed untilits shoulder 20 raises the disk 19 and valve 15. A small pump, such asis used for bicycles, is then pressed against the end of the nipple 16and air is forced into the tank until suflicient pressure is attained.The compressed air in the tank will force the liquid fuel up through thesupply pipe 28, and into the generator tube or pipe 31, when thecontrolling valve 26 is opened. The nipple 16 is then screwed tightly toplace so that the valve 15 closes the port 13 and prevents the escape ofair or liquid fuel. The asbestos 72 in the generating cup 71 issaturated with alcohol and the latter is ignited to heat the generatingtube 341-. The diameter of the filler rod 17 is slightly smaller(preferably about three hundredths of an inch) than the bore of the tube3 1, so that the liquid passes between the wall of the tube and the rodin a thin film and is readily vaporized when the tube is heated. Thefuel is thus forced out in a fine spray or vapor through the small port53 and up through the inlet port 58 into the passage 57. As the finestream of vaporized fuel passes into the port, air is drawn in and isthoroughly mixed with it in the U-shaped passage 57 and in the chamber62. The gas mixture passing from the lower end of the chamber or burnerhead 62 is ignited and burns in the usual manner to heat the mantle 68to incandescence. The supply of liquid. fuel is readily regulated byturning the needle valve 26 through the medium of the knob 81. The airsupplied to the mixing passage can be regulated to the proper amount byadjusting the short pipe or nipple 60.

If the discharge port 53 is clogged in the improved construction, thefine pin or wire 50 is always in readiness to clean the port, even whenthe lamp is burning. This is effected by turning the crank all and shaft37 to reciprocate the connectedrods 1-5 and 17 to force the pin 50through the port. The connection between the rods 45 and 47 can beadjusted to properly position the tip cleaning pin or wire 50 relativelyto the port 53. The burner that heats the mantle and which, in thepreferred form, extends around the generating tube 31, also supplies allthe heat necessary to vaporize the liquid fuel, and no other burner isrequired for this purpose after the lamp is started. The generator cup71 is, of course, only used to give the lamp its initial start.

The deflector plate 6% is arranged below andat right angles to theU-shaped mixing passage or pipe 57 and projects laterally in line withan opening between the sections of mixing pipe, as shown in Fig. 2. Itthus deflects the combustion products rising from the burner andprevents them from entering the mixing passage through the inlet port 58thereof.

liquid fuel used.

WVhile the drawings illustrate the present improvement as embodied in aportable vapor lamp, many features may be employed in other types.Obviously, also, changes may be made in the details set forth withoutdcpartiilre from the essentials of the invention as defined in theclaims.

I claim as my invention 1. In a portable vapor lamp, the combination ofa fuel tank forming the lamp base, an upwardly extending generator pipe,a burner support thereon, a coupling member at the lower end of saidgeneratorpipe having a'threaded' connection through the upward centralportion of said tank, and an outer finishing shell for said tank,clamped in position between the same and said coupling member.

2. In a vapor lamp, the combination with a generator pipe and burner, ofa fuel tank,

a valve casing interposed between said tank and said generator pipe andhaving an enlarged borecommunicating with said tank and a contractedfuel supply port communieating with said generator pipe, a fuel supplypipe extending upwardly from the lower portion of said tank through theenlarged bore of said valve casing and communicating with'the contractedport thereof, anda valve-controlled filler tube mounted on said valvecasing and communicating with the enlarged bore thereof.

3. In a vapor light apparatus, the combination of a straight, verticalgenerator pipe having a discharge orifice at its upper end, an invertedmixing chamber and burner mounted upon the upper end of said generatorpipe, a valve casing to which the lower end of said generator pipe .isconnected, a fuel supply pipe connected to said valve casing, a valvehaving a stem projecting laterally through said valve casing forcontrolling communication between said fuel supply pipe and saidgenerator pipe, a rod within said generator pipe having a tip cleaningdevice for said orifice at its upper end, the lower end of said rodextending within and terminating in the upper end of said valve casingabove said valve and a stem extending laterally through said valvecasing above said valve and operatively connected to said rod,substantially as described.

-l. I11 a vapor lamp, the combination of a fuel supply tank forming thelamp base, a valve casing mounted on said tank, a fuel supply pipeconnected to said valve casing and extending downwardly into said tank,

upper portion of said valve casing, a valve having a stem extendinglaterally through said casing for controlling communication between saidfuel supply pipe andsaid generator pipe, and a stem extending laterallythrough the wall of said casing above said valve and operativelyconnected at its inner end tothe lower end of said rod, substantially asdescribed.

5. In a vapor lighting. apparatus, the

combination of a vertical. generator pipe having a discharge. port atits upper end, and an lnverted U-shaped mixing chamber mounted upon theupper end of said generator pipe and having at its central portion aninlet port arranged above and in line wlth said discharge port, saidmixing chamber havlng means at its lower ends for interchangeablysupporting a single annular head about said generator pipe, or twoburner heads arranged on opposite sides of the generator pipe andcommunicating respectively with the depending portions of said U-shapedmixing chamber.

6. Ina vapor lighting apparatus, a vertical generator pipe having adischarge port at its upper end, an inverted, U-shaped mixing chambermounted upon the upper end. of said generator pipe and having, at itsupper central portion, an inlet port arranged above and in line withsaid discharge port, and a burnerhead secured at its up per end to thelower portion of said mixing chamber and encircling said'generator pipe.

7 In a vapor lighting apparatus, a vertical generator pipe having adischarge port in its upper end, a downwardly extending mixing chamberhaving an inlet port, above and'in line with said discharge port, a

burner head communicating with said mixing. chamber and. extendingdownwardly therefrom, and a deflector plate having portions projectinglaterally from the lower I portion of said mixing chamber, the ends ofsaid deflector plate being adapted to serve as shade supports,substantially as described.

8. In a vapor lamp, the combination of a generatorpipe, a tipthereforhaving a recessin its outer end, and. a composition tip piece molded inplace Within said recess and having a fine discharge port formed in themolding operation.

9. In a vapor lamp, the combination of a 5 generator tube, a tiptherefor having a bore terminating in a conical end, and said tip havingan undercut recess in its outer end, a composition tip piece molded inplace in said recess, and a reciprocating rod in said generator tubehaving a tip cleaning needle adapted to be inserted through saidcomposition tip piece in the molding operation to form a fine dischargeport therein.

FRED E. DAVIS,

WVitnesses GEORGE FAnNsWoR'rH FISHER, J. G. ANDERSON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C.

